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Digital divides in aspect of gender
Rohlíková, Pavla ; Nečas, Vlastimil (advisor) ; Soukup, Martin (referee)
This diploma thesis Digital gender gap deals with the issue of the digital divide in connection with one of the aspect that can affect it. The thesis outlines the concept of the digital divide as a problem of modern globalized society and presents the basic theories for understanding the issue. The digital divide is related to several social factors that are outlined in this work, but the main focus is on the gender aspect. Even in the modern world, it is not possible to completely close the gap in this context just yet. Thus, the characteristics of the problem in connection with the gender factor are outlined. Today, rather than the problem of the primary digital divide, it is the problem of unequal skills and the way in which information and communication technologies are used in our society is being talked about. After defining the basic concepts and this phenomenon, the work presents several foreign studies to create a comprehensive overview of the issue and also data from the Český statistický úřad are presented. The second part of this work is a methodological part, which was inspired by foreign study from 2014, which monitors the digital literacy of respondents. For my purposes, I chose a quantitative methodological strategy. The work includes a Factor analysis of the questionnaire survey,...
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Social Inequality as a threat - Securitization with reference to Šluknovsko events
Dederová, Nelly ; Jireš, Jan (advisor) ; Barša, Pavel (referee)
Social inequality as a threat - Securitization with reference to Šluknovsko events Bc. Nelly Dederová Master's thesis Social inequality as a threat - Securitization with reference to Šluknovsko events deals with construction of so called "problem" of Šluknov region in connection to Šluknovsko events (two physical clashes in towns Nový Bor and Rumburk which happened in August 2011 and following series of protests, demonstrations and rallies which were lingering in Šluknov region towns until 2012), using theory of securitization made by Barry Buzan, Ole Wæver and Jaap de Wilde, who are representatives of Copenhagen school of security studies. The fact that participants of political and security discourse were referring to Šluknovsko events using securitization language (marking specific referent object as endangered, proposing exceptional measures and demanding their legitimized adoption) represents author's underlying premise.
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Exploring the Social Conditionality of the Contemporary Mode of Technological Development: Beyond the Edge of the (Research on) the Digital Divide.
Lupač, Petr ; Suša, Oleg (advisor) ; Müller, Karel (referee) ; Jirák, Jan (referee)
In his dissertation thesis, the author elaborates on a new position from which both information society theory and digital divide research could be analyzed as active participants in a large-scale societal reconstruction. The text begins with the reconstruction of the argumentation core of information society theories, which is then utilized when choosing their latest, most respected, and most elaborated version. In the following chapter, the author presents the composition of Manuel Castells' information society theory and its tight relationship with the digital divide issue. In the final parts of this chapter, the author reveals the key position of the digital divide issue in solving the contradictions and negative aspects of informatization. The chapter is concluded by finding out the absence of the link between digital divide and information society theory in the preceding criticism of Castells' work. In the fourth part, the development, arguments, and empirical evidence of the digital divide research are presented, followed by identification of the limits of contemporary academic digital divide discourse. In the sixth chapter, the author tries to overcome these limits by proposing a new empirical evidence better fitting model of the digital divide. The thesis is concluded by thinking over the...
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Allocation systems in Czech households: types and determinants
Dushina, Anastasiia ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
Many social, political and economic changes that affected intra-family relationships between men and women have occupied over the past century. It could be assumed that these changes also affected the distribution of power between women and men within a family, in particular - financial power. Whereas previously a man was the sole breadwinner of a family and the only manager of the household budget, now when women have new opportunities in the labor market it is logical to assume that women should also be included into the process of money management. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms of financial management in Czech families and find the determinants that affect the choice of allocation systems. The study that was based on quantitative methods surveyed 560 men and women. Statistical analysis showed that the most common type of allocation systems is a financial pool (joint or partial), which indicates that there is a transformation of the distribution of financial power in families. However, traditional gender stereotypes are still evident in the management of family finances. The study also revealed that the main factors that affect the choice of a family allocation system are the level of household income, gender, length of cohabitation of spouses, woman's education and...
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Family change and its impact on the health of children in the Czech Republic
Štípková, Martina ; Kreidl, Martin (advisor) ; Sobotka, Tomáš (referee) ; Zeman, Kryštof (referee)
The thesis focuses on the patterns of nonmarital childbearing and its influence on the health of newborns in the Czech Republic between 1990 and 2010. Numerous and profound social changes took part in these two decades after the fall of state socialism. Socioeconomic inequalities grew, a competitive job market was introduced and social policy was reformed. Family behaviour changed, as well. A more than four-fold rise of the proportion of children born outside marriage was among the most remarkable changes in this regard. Two research questions were addressed: 1. how did unmarried motherhood and its socioeconomic background change; 2. how did these changes influence disparities in the health of newborns by family arrangement. Data from the birth register are used for answering these questions and analysed with multilevel regression models. The method was aimed at explaining variability between contexts defined by time and space. Health of newborns is measured by birth weight. Family arrangement of mothers is measured with their marital status. Unmarried mothers are further split by the presence of a partner measured with the mother's willingness to declare child's father. The results show that birth outcomes on nonmarital children improved and marital status gap in birth weight closed substantially in the...
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Message and relationship of social thoughts of Bernard Bolzano and Charles Fourier
Krpálková, Soňa ; Bendl, Stanislav (advisor) ; Syřiště, Ivo (referee)
This work presents the personality and work of two thinkers, Bernard Bolzan and Charles Fourier. It focuses on their social ideas, so it looks mainly at their side of social utopians. It compares their views on the ideal organization of human society. It also pays attention to teaching and education in their conception, moreover, with reflection in relation to today. The aim is also to map the initial conditions of each of the thinkers, material, family, ideological, historically contemporary. At the very beginning, the work places all this in the context of historical development and subsequently in social theories. After an overview of developments and social theories, he introduces the topic of social utopianism and introduces two other important utopians - Saint-Simon and Robert Owen. Then the personality and work of Bernard Bolzan, followed by Charles Fourier, are introduced. The following is a comparison of the relevant categories for both thinkers, representing the degree of overlap of their common features. Then there is a chapter focused on education and training with an overlap to the present. The work shows that social utopianism is characterized by ignorance of socio-economic development and insufficient processing of a specific way of implementing the social establishment. These elements also...
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Trust construction in media discourse
Žáček, Jan ; Jirák, Jan (advisor) ; Nečas, Vlastimil (referee)
Public trust in the social system and media is falling. Media transformation, new media and social networks point to developments in postmodern societies which have accelerated trust erosion. Fragmentarization and social inequality fundamentally influence the order of today's world, even through the media. I focus in this work on how the trust or distrust in media and media discourse is constructed, what the relationship is between media and trust, how they intertwine and interact with each other. I describe the trust concept from its past history to the present, its meaning and principles of construction in media discourse. I highlight in a case study a concrete mediation of (dis)trust and its construction in the media coverage of the Czech alternative website Parlamentí listy as well as the topic of disinformation in the mainstream media. Based on this analysis, I also describe which social products the mistrust mediation brings and what the future development looks like. I also focus on social inequality as a significant cause of trust erosion, confidence in the media and also ontological security.
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Retrospective analysis of cross-cultural differences in people's beliefs about strategies for getting ahead in life - comparison of the Czech Republic and Russia
Polova, Viktoriia ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Hynek (referee)
Viktoriia Polova. Retrospective analysis of cross-cultural differences in people's beliefs about strategies for getting ahead in life - comparison of the Czech Republic and Russia Abstract This thesis addresses the concept of getting ahead in life. Life success strategies are the set of subjective values which individuals consider to be important for achieving goals. Even though the perceptions of these strategies are flexible, there is a common pattern presented in different countries and it is changing throughout time. The main life success strategies for both populations of the Czech Republic and Russian Federation have been identified. The similarity of the factor formation can be seen for both countries; however, the variance of the strategies differs. The factor and regression analyses have been used for the identification of the strategies and the attributes which explain them. The paper can be also improved by extending the list of variables of economic attributes and individual social background. These attributes would be beneficial for future studies to fulfil the knowledge of the subject.
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Allocation systems in Czech households: types and determinants
Dushina, Anastasiia ; Remr, Jiří (advisor) ; Tuček, Milan (referee)
Many social, political and economic changes that affected intra-family relationships between men and women have occupied over the past century. It could be assumed that these changes also affected the distribution of power between women and men within a family, in particular - financial power. Whereas previously a man was the sole breadwinner of a family and the only manager of the household budget, now when women have new opportunities in the labor market it is logical to assume that women should also be included into the process of money management. The purpose of this study was to examine the mechanisms of financial management in Czech families and find the determinants that affect the choice of allocation systems. The study that was based on quantitative methods surveyed 560 men and women. Statistical analysis showed that the most common type of allocation systems is a financial pool (joint or partial), which indicates that there is a transformation of the distribution of financial power in families. However, traditional gender stereotypes are still evident in the management of family finances. The study also revealed that the main factors that affect the choice of a family allocation system are the level of household income, gender, length of cohabitation of spouses, woman's education and...
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